QuantWeftYuxiao Ma
中文
On this page

    References and historical reading scope

    This index preserves 331 keys: 317 base records and 14 reader-index supplements. Reading actor, date and full-text/abstract scope are historical, not new checks in this language revision. reader_chapter_associations are navigation, not support claims; aliases are not additional independent sources. The local July 2012 PSR manuscript has no verified public URL: none is invented, and its full text is not distributed. Exact historical annotations remain in annotation_originals for audit; the English notes explain their scope. Shared original metadata remain unchanged.

    ORFE

    Princeton ORFE Undergraduate Program

    Chapters: 1,4–9

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Course overview read for curriculum mapping.

    MIT_FIN

    MIT OCW 15.401 Finance Theory I (Fall 2008)

    Chapters: 10–15,20,44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Course overview read; individual lecture notes were not all verified.

    FRENCH

    Kenneth R. French Data Library

    Chapters: 3,11,15,23–27,14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Library page read; ten-industry and FF3/FF5 monthly snapshots downloaded with manifests retained. Neither stock-level PIT vintages nor the entire library was obtained.

    FF5_DESC

    Description of Fama/French 5 Factors (2x3)

    Chapters: 15,26

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Factor-construction description read.

    FF1993

    Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds

    Chapters: 14,15,24

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Publisher page/abstract read, without a full-text verification claim.

    FF2015

    A five-factor asset pricing model

    Chapters: 15,26

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Publisher page/excerpts read, without a full-text verification claim.

    PBO

    The probability of backtest overfitting

    Chapters: 7,22,30–32

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Author PDF text obtained; equation layout requires individual checking where used.

    DSR

    The Deflated Sharpe Ratio: Correcting for Selection Bias, Backtest Overfitting and Non-Normality

    Chapters: 22,30,32

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Author PDF text obtained; equation layout requires individual checking where used.

    BOYD

    Convex Optimization — Boyd and Vandenberghe

    Chapters: 4,5,9,20,21,36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Author page read; specific textbook uses require chapter-level verification.

    NUMPY

    NumPy documentation

    Chapters: 2,5,6,11,41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official entry read; API details checked against the frozen environment version.

    PANDAS

    pandas documentation

    Chapters: 2,3,23,29,45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official entry read; API details checked against the frozen environment version.

    POLARS

    Polars User Guide

    Chapters: 2,3

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official entry read; API details checked against the frozen environment version.

    SCIPY

    SciPy documentation

    Chapters: 2,7,18,33,44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official entry read; API details checked against the frozen environment version.

    STATSMODELS

    statsmodels Linear Regression

    Chapters: 8,15–19

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Regression documentation read; time-series-specific API review remained to be added.

    CVXPY

    CVXPY Quadratic program

    Chapters: 9,20,21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Optimization formulation and financial examples read.

    SK_TSS

    scikit-learn TimeSeriesSplit

    Chapters: 31,38

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Gap and training-window descriptions read; these are not equivalent to purged CV.

    SK_PITFALLS

    scikit-learn Common pitfalls and recommended practices

    Chapters: 8,28,37–43,45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Train-only preprocessing and leakage explanations read.

    AQR_VM

    Value and Momentum Everywhere

    Chapters: 24,25,28

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Research page read; data and full methods still require itemized verification.

    AQR_COST

    Trading Costs of Asset Pricing Anomalies

    Chapters: 29,34–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: Tavily Search/Extract and the AQR official page were checked. The 2012 working-paper abstract describes 1998–2011, 19 developed markets and nearly USD 1 trillion of institutional live trades. Its cost estimates are not the parameters of these constructed examples.

    AQR_STYLE

    Investing with Style

    Chapters: 27

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official PDF found in search; full text was not read.

    SEC_ALGO

    Staff Report on Algorithmic Trading in U.S. Capital Markets

    Chapters: 1,34–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected official PDF passages on algorithmic investment/trading decisions read; unverified statistics were not restated.

    FRENCH_10

    Detail for 10 Industry Portfolios

    Chapters: 1–3,15

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official construction page read; historical ZIP download, Keka validation/extraction, parsing of the 1,202-month value-weighted block and hashes were recorded.

    MIT_CALC

    MIT OCW Single Variable Calculus

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    MIT_LA

    MIT OCW Linear Algebra

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    MIT_PROB

    MIT OCW Applied Probability

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    SEC_API

    EDGAR Application Programming Interfaces

    Chapters: 3

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    NYSE_CAL

    NYSE Holidays and Trading Hours

    Chapters: 3

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    PY_ZONEINFO

    Python zoneinfo

    Chapters: 3

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    PANDAS_ASOF

    pandas merge_asof

    Chapters: 3

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    FRENCH_LIBRARY

    Kenneth French Data Library

    Chapters: 3

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Official page read; support boundaries are in chapter-internal reading records, which are not bundled.

    CH2_DOC_01

    Python Tutorial: Control Flow Tools

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_02

    Python Tutorial: Errors and Exceptions

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_03

    Python Tutorial: Modules

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_04

    Python typing module

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_05

    Python venv

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_06

    Python Floating-Point Arithmetic

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_07

    NumPy Broadcasting

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_08

    NumPy: The Absolute Basics for Beginners

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_09

    NumPy Copies and Views

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_10

    Indexing and Selecting Data

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_11

    Time Series / Date Functionality

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_12

    Windowing Operations

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_13

    GroupBy: Split-Apply-Combine

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_14

    Copy-on-Write

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_15

    pandas resample API

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_16

    Polars Lazy API

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_17

    Polars Lazy API Usage

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_18

    Polars CSV Read and Write

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_19

    SciPy User Guide

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_20

    SciPy Optimization Tutorial

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_21

    Matplotlib Quick Start

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_22

    Project Jupyter Documentation

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_23

    Pro Git: What is Git?

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    CH2_DOC_24

    Pro Git: Recording Changes to the Repository

    Chapters: 2

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    MIT_LA_SYLL

    MIT OCW 18.06 Syllabus

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    NP_SVD

    NumPy linalg.svd

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    NP_EIGH

    NumPy linalg.eigh

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    NP_SOLVE

    NumPy linalg.solve

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    NP_COND

    NumPy linalg.cond

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    SK_PCA

    scikit-learn PCA

    Chapters: 5

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    MIT_STAT_INDEX

    MIT 18.05 Statistics reading index

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    MIT_STAT_MLE

    Orloff and Bloom: Maximum Likelihood Estimates

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    MIT_STAT_CI

    Orloff and Bloom: Confidence Intervals Based on Normal Data

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    MIT_STAT_BETA

    Orloff and Bloom: Conjugate Priors, Beta and Normal

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    MIT_STAT_BOOT

    MIT 18.05 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    SCIPY_TTEST

    SciPy ttest_1samp

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    SCIPY_BETA

    SciPy beta distribution

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    SCIPY_BOOT

    SciPy bootstrap

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Selected material read; its scope is recorded in unbundled internal reading records.

    KUNSCH1989

    Kunsch (1989): The Jackknife and the Bootstrap for General Stationary Observations

    Chapters: 7

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Publisher abstract and author contents checked; full text not read.

    CH04_DOC_01

    MIT 18.01SC:Derivative as Rate of Change,Session 3

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_02

    MIT 18.01SC:Limits and Continuity,Session 4

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_03

    MIT 18.01SC:The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus,Session 48

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_04

    MIT 18.01SC: Taylor’s Formula video resources

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_05

    MIT 18.02SC: Partial Derivatives course unit

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_06

    MIT 18.02SC:Approximation Formula,Session 27

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_07

    MIT 18.02SC:Optimization Problems,Session 28

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_08

    MIT 18.02SC:Second Derivative Test,Session 30

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_09

    MIT 18.02SC: Chain Rule, Gradient and Directional Derivatives units

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_10

    MIT 18.02SC:Directional Derivatives,Session 38

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_11

    NumPy:numpy.gradient

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH04_DOC_13

    Boyd and Vandenberghe: Convex Optimization PDF

    Chapters: 4

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_02

    Probability Models and Axioms

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_03

    Conditioning and Bayes’ Rule

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_04

    Random Variables

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_05

    Review

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_06

    Continuous Random Variables

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_07

    Bayes Variations and Derived Distributions

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_08

    Conditional Expectations

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_09

    Markov Chains II

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_10

    Law of Large Numbers, Convergence

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_11

    Poisson: The Perfect Arrival Process

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_12

    Poisson Processes

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_13

    Introduction to Brownian Motion

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_14

    Stochastic Processes II

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_15

    Random Generator

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_16

    Generator.binomial

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_17

    Generator.normal

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_18

    Generator.poisson

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_19

    scipy.stats.binom

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_20

    scipy.stats.norm

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_21

    scipy.stats.lognorm

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_22

    scipy.stats.poisson

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH06_DOC_23

    scipy.stats.t

    Chapters: 6

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_01

    statsmodels OLS API

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_02

    statsmodels OLS results

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_03

    statsmodels robust covariance API

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_04

    scikit-learn StandardScaler

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_05

    Pipeline

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_08

    Ridge

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_09

    Lasso

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_10

    ElasticNet guide

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_11

    White (1980): A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_12

    MacKinnon and White (1985): Some Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimators with Improved Finite Sample Properties

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_13

    Newey and West (1987): A Simple, Positive Semi-definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_14

    Sharpe (1964): Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Conditions of Risk

    Chapters: 8,14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_15

    Hoerl and Kennard (1970): Ridge regression — publisher record

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_16

    Tibshirani (1996): Lasso — publisher record

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_DOC_17

    Zou and Hastie (2005): Elastic Net — publisher record

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Historical verification recorded; exact reading scope, abstract/full-text distinctions and support limits are in internal records not bundled here.

    CH08_HAC

    statsmodels cov_hac: Newey-West covariance

    Chapters: 8

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: HAC parameters and equally spaced observation assumptions read. Chapter 8 root acceptance separately records the code contract and rejection checks.

    CH09_DOC_01

    CVXPY DCP guide

    Chapters: 9

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Exact reading scope and software/economic claim boundaries are in unbundled internal records.

    CH09_DOC_02

    CVXPY Linear program example

    Chapters: 9

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Exact reading scope and software/economic claim boundaries are in unbundled internal records.

    CH09_DOC_03

    CVXPY Least-squares example

    Chapters: 9

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Exact reading scope and software/economic claim boundaries are in unbundled internal records.

    CH09_DOC_04

    CVXPY Solver features

    Chapters: 9

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Exact reading scope and software/economic claim boundaries are in unbundled internal records.

    CH09_DOC_05

    CVXPY Problem status guide

    Chapters: 9

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: Exact reading scope and software/economic claim boundaries are in unbundled internal records.

    CH11_MIT_PV

    MIT OCW 15.401: Present Value Relations

    Chapters: 11,13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Slides 28–29 on compounding and 30–34 on real/nominal values and qualifications read; the older course supports mathematics teaching only.

    LO_SR_META

    Andrew W. Lo: The Statistics of Sharpe Ratios — author publication record

    Chapters: 11,32

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author publication list, abstract and metadata checked only. Full text was not obtained; formulas need independent derivation or full-text checking.

    CH10_SRC_001

    MIT 15.401 Finance Theory I course summary

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The 2008 course topic framework, fixed-income page and recitation material on bonds, yield sensitivity and duration were read. Used for sections 2, 7 and 19 and local duration/convexity approximations.

    CH10_SRC_002

    Fixed Income Securities, Part I

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The 2008 course topic framework, fixed-income page and recitation material on bonds, yield sensitivity and duration were read. Used for sections 2, 7 and 19 and local duration/convexity approximations.

    CH10_SRC_003

    Part IV

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The 2008 course topic framework, fixed-income page and recitation material on bonds, yield sensitivity and duration were read. Used for sections 2, 7 and 19 and local duration/convexity approximations.

    CH10_SRC_004

    Recitation 2

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The 2008 course topic framework, fixed-income page and recitation material on bonds, yield sensitivity and duration were read. Used for sections 2, 7 and 19 and local duration/convexity approximations.

    CH10_SRC_005

    MIT Terms

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The 2008 course topic framework, fixed-income page and recitation material on bonds, yield sensitivity and duration were read. Used for sections 2, 7 and 19 and local duration/convexity approximations.

    CH10_SRC_006

    Investor.gov: Stocks

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: US investor-education overviews of equity rights, bond cash flows and ETF intraday prices/NAV read, supporting introductory sections 5 and 7. Complete product rules were not extracted. This is not a prospectus, contract or other-jurisdiction rule; creation/redemption details are not generalized.

    CH10_SRC_007

    Bonds

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: US investor-education overviews of equity rights, bond cash flows and ETF intraday prices/NAV read, supporting introductory sections 5 and 7. Complete product rules were not extracted. This is not a prospectus, contract or other-jurisdiction rule; creation/redemption details are not generalized.

    CH10_SRC_008

    ETF Investor Bulletin

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: US investor-education overviews of equity rights, bond cash flows and ETF intraday prices/NAV read, supporting introductory sections 5 and 7. Complete product rules were not extracted. This is not a prospectus, contract or other-jurisdiction rule; creation/redemption details are not generalized.

    CH10_SRC_009

    Investor.gov: Margin Accounts

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: US retail securities margin and short-borrow explanations on lending, collateral, maintenance and obligations read for sections 5, 7 and 12. They do not define futures margin, OTC collateral or every jurisdiction’s short-sale rules.

    CH10_SRC_010

    Short Sales

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: US retail securities margin and short-borrow explanations on lending, collateral, maintenance and obligations read for sections 5, 7 and 12. They do not define futures margin, OTC collateral or every jurisdiction’s short-sale rules.

    CH10_SRC_011

    Investor.gov: Executing an Order

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Overview of routing to exchanges, other venues and market makers read for broker/dealer/venue roles in sections 5 and 7. Actual routing, best execution, disclosure and order types need applicable rules and broker agreements.

    CH10_SRC_012

    SEC T+1 FAQ

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC FAQ compliance date, covered transactions/securities, exceptions and explicit settlement-extension questions checked, alongside investor explanations of the 2024-05-28 transition. FAQ answers are staff views, not rules or legal amendments. Sections 11, 12 and 18 use a limited US securities T+1 example, not all bonds, FX, futures, repo or cross-border trades; confirm instrument, exemptions, contracts, time zones and business calendars.

    CH10_SRC_013

    SEC Investor Bulletin: New T+1 Settlement Cycle

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC FAQ compliance date, covered transactions/securities, exceptions and explicit settlement-extension questions checked, alongside investor explanations of the 2024-05-28 transition. FAQ answers are staff views, not rules or legal amendments. Sections 11, 12 and 18 use a limited US securities T+1 example, not all bonds, FX, futures, repo or cross-border trades; confirm instrument, exemptions, contracts, time zones and business calendars.

    CH10_SRC_014

    SEC Risk Alert

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC FAQ compliance date, covered transactions/securities, exceptions and explicit settlement-extension questions checked, alongside investor explanations of the 2024-05-28 transition. FAQ answers are staff views, not rules or legal amendments. Sections 11, 12 and 18 use a limited US securities T+1 example, not all bonds, FX, futures, repo or cross-border trades; confirm instrument, exemptions, contracts, time zones and business calendars.

    CH10_SRC_015

    DTCC CNS

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: DTCC overviews of NSCC CNS/netting and DTC cash/securities book transfers read for sections 5 and 11. This US infrastructure example is not a universal clearing topology or a legal-finality analysis.

    CH10_SRC_016

    DTCC Settlement Overview

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: DTCC overviews of NSCC CNS/netting and DTC cash/securities book transfers read for sections 5 and 11. This US infrastructure example is not a universal clearing topology or a legal-finality analysis.

    CH10_SRC_017

    CME S&P 500 futures product page

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: ES/MES dollar-per-index-point multipliers and education on futures performance bonds versus securities margin borrowing, initial/maintenance margin and calls read. Dynamic margin/tick quotes were not copied. Sections 5–8 and 11–12 explain multipliers and variation cash flow, not a maximum-loss guarantee. Current contract-month/session/member rules remain separate.

    CH10_SRC_018

    CME futures margin education

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: ES/MES dollar-per-index-point multipliers and education on futures performance bonds versus securities margin borrowing, initial/maintenance margin and calls read. Dynamic margin/tick quotes were not copied. Sections 5–8 and 11–12 explain multipliers and variation cash flow, not a maximum-loss guarantee. Current contract-month/session/member rules remain separate.

    CH10_SRC_019

    OCC Options Disclosure Document

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: ODD landing page and searchable PDF passages on risk, exercise/assignment and clearing read, not every page. Used in sections 5, 7, 8, 12 and 19. Expiry, exercise style, multiplier and settlement asset require product specifications. The course links and paraphrases rather than reproducing long disclosures.

    CH10_SRC_020

    Risks of Standardized Options PDF

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: ODD landing page and searchable PDF passages on risk, exercise/assignment and clearing read, not every page. Used in sections 5, 7, 8, 12 and 19. Expiry, exercise style, multiplier and settlement asset require product specifications. The course links and paraphrases rather than reproducing long disclosures.

    CH10_SRC_021

    CFTC Interest Rate Swap final rule

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Selected swap/notional-flow rule passages and report definitions of CCP replacement relationships read for sections 5, 7 and 19. The complete CFTC rulebook was not reviewed; neither universal regulatory scope nor insolvency-netting advice follows.

    CH10_SRC_022

    CFTC Swaps Report explanatory notes

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Selected swap/notional-flow rule passages and report definitions of CCP replacement relationships read for sections 5, 7 and 19. The complete CFTC rulebook was not reviewed; neither universal regulatory scope nor insolvency-netting advice follows.

    CH10_SRC_023

    ECB, “The repo market,” Monthly Bulletin (2002)

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Repo/reverse-repo, haircuts, collateral valuation and margin-call mechanism passages read for sections 5, 8, 12 and 17–18. The 2002 source supplies basic mechanisms, not current market size, practice or law. The haircut relation is simplified arithmetic.

    CH10_SRC_024

    BIS Quarterly Review: Sizing up global foreign exchange markets

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Selected 2019 passages on FX-swap near/far legs, term funding, forward points and interest differentials read for sections 5–6 and 19. They are not current trading statistics or arbitrage quotes; the textbook forward example separately assumes matched maturity, simple rates and no frictions.

    CH10_SRC_025

    Article PDF

    Chapters: 10

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Selected 2019 passages on FX-swap near/far legs, term funding, forward points and interest differentials read for sections 5–6 and 19. They are not current trading statistics or arbitrage quotes; the textbook forward example separately assumes matched maturity, simple rates and no frictions.

    CH12_SRC_026

    SEC, How to Read a 10-K

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC beginner descriptions of balance sheet, income/cash-flow statements, operating/investing/financing flows and 10-K organization read. Introductory US filing navigation only, not GAAP text or company-specific account definitions.

    CH12_SRC_027

    SEC, Beginners’ Guide to Financial Statements

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC beginner descriptions of balance sheet, income/cash-flow statements, operating/investing/financing flows and 10-K organization read. Introductory US filing navigation only, not GAAP text or company-specific account definitions.

    CH12_SRC_028

    Apple 2024 Form 10-K, accession 0000320193-24-000123

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: The author read Apple’s original FY2024 Form 10-K consolidated operating, balance and cash-flow statements and CFO reconciliation. Fiscal ends are 2024-09-28/2023-09-30; amounts are USD millions. FY2024/FY2023 values: sales 391035/383285, gross profit 180683/169148, operating income 123216/114301, DA 11445/11519, net income 93736/96995, CFO 118254/110543, PP&E cash outflows −9447/−10959, assets 364980/352583, liabilities 308030/290437, equity 56950/62146, cash 29943/29965, commercial paper 9967/5985, current debt 10912/9822 and noncurrent debt 85750/95281, plus selected operating accounts. These are accession-specific facts. FCF is the textbook CFO-minus-CapEx definition, not a uniform Apple-reported metric. Marketable securities are not cash; leases are outside the coded debt definition.

    CH12_SRC_029

    Apple 10-K SEC accession headers

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Apple’s raw EDGAR fields were checked: period 20240928, filed 20241101, accession 0000320193-24-000123 and acceptance 20241101060136. The timestamp string is retained without an inferred time-zone conversion, vendor-ingestion time or first-tradable-time claim.

    CH12_SRC_030

    Apple, reports fourth quarter results, 2024-10-31

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Apple release date and attached unaudited comparative statements in millions read. The page establishes 2024-10-31 at date resolution, without verified minute/time zone. Release date precedes 10-K filing; acceptance is not substituted for release time. Figures use the audited 10-K, not a mixture of versions.

    CH12_SRC_031

    consolidated financial statements PDF

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Apple release date and attached unaudited comparative statements in millions read. The page establishes 2024-10-31 at date resolution, without verified minute/time zone. Release date precedes 10-K filing; acceptance is not substituted for release time. Figures use the audited 10-K, not a mixture of versions.

    CH12_SRC_032

    Spire original FY2023 Form 10-K, accession 0000950170-24-027164

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s original FY2023 audited cash-flow statement and MD&A were read. Year end is 2023-12-31; amounts are USD thousands: net loss −63956, CFO −23622 and PP&E cash acquisition −30037. The original was later explicitly designated unreliable; these are not final restated facts.

    CH12_SRC_033

    Spire original 10-K accession headers

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s original header was checked: period 20231231, filed 20240306, form 10-K and acceptance 20240306162002. Raw strings are retained without a time-zone or UTC assertion.

    CH12_SRC_034

    Spire 2024 Form 8-K, accession 0000950170-24-101007

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s 8-K Item 4.02, signature and header were read. Report date is 2024-08-21, filed 2024-08-27, raw acceptance 20240827161154. The audit committee found affected statements unreliable. Preliminary estimates about revenue timing before space missions were not final restatement amounts. Report, filing, webpage release and ingestion remain distinct; no time zone is newly verified for raw acceptance.

    CH12_SRC_035

    SEC headers for the corresponding filing

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s 8-K Item 4.02, signature and header were read. Report date is 2024-08-21, filed 2024-08-27, raw acceptance 20240827161154. The audit committee found affected statements unreliable. Preliminary estimates about revenue timing before space missions were not final restatement amounts. Report, filing, webpage release and ingestion remain distinct; no time zone is newly verified for raw acceptance.

    CH12_SRC_036

    Spire IR update

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s 8-K Item 4.02, signature and header were read. Report date is 2024-08-21, filed 2024-08-27, raw acceptance 20240827161154. The audit committee found affected statements unreliable. Preliminary estimates about revenue timing before space missions were not final restatement amounts. Report, filing, webpage release and ingestion remain distinct; no time zone is newly verified for raw acceptance.

    CH12_SRC_037

    Spire amended FY2023 Form 10-K/A, accession 0000950170-25-030856

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s 10-K/A explanatory note, background, cash flows and MD&A were read. It restates 2023/2022 annual and multiple interim periods. FY2023 amounts in USD thousands are net loss −77558, CFO −36307 and PP&E −17352; filed 20250303, raw acceptance 20250303161307. Issues include embedded leases and revenue/cost timing in Space-as-a-Service, R&D services, cost presentation and expected credit losses. Use this declared restated version without backfilling March 2024 signals or generalizing the direction of all restatements.

    CH12_SRC_038

    SEC headers for the corresponding filing

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s 10-K/A explanatory note, background, cash flows and MD&A were read. It restates 2023/2022 annual and multiple interim periods. FY2023 amounts in USD thousands are net loss −77558, CFO −36307 and PP&E −17352; filed 20250303, raw acceptance 20250303161307. Issues include embedded leases and revenue/cost timing in Space-as-a-Service, R&D services, cost presentation and expected credit losses. Use this declared restated version without backfilling March 2024 signals or generalizing the direction of all restatements.

    CH12_SRC_039

    Spire FY2023 results IR page

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Spire’s FY2023 results release and non-GAAP reconciliation link were read. Retained IR-date evidence identifies 2024-03-05; extraction did not verify a minute or time zone. A prior plan noted 06:45 without a confirmed zone, so that time is not used. Release summaries and the original audited 10-K are separate versions.

    CH12_SRC_040

    SEC Non-GAAP Financial Measures C&DIs, Question 102.07

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC staff Question 102.07 was read. CFO minus CapEx is common but nonstandard, needs an explanation, does not imply deduction of all debt service or nondiscretionary uses, and must not be presented per share. Staff guidance is neither a unique GAAP FCF definition nor an Apple/Spire disclosure metric.

    CH12_SRC_041

    IAS 7 public 2026 HTML

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: IAS 7.11 activity categories, IAS 7.28 FX cash reconciliation and IAS 1.81A/106(a) attribution to parent/NCI were read. Scope is limited to those versions and paragraphs; no full IFRS review, long-text reproduction or universal jurisdictional applicability is claimed.

    CH12_SRC_042

    IAS 1 public 2024 HTML

    Chapters: 12

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: IAS 7.11 activity categories, IAS 7.28 FX cash reconciliation and IAS 1.81A/106(a) attribution to parent/NCI were read. Scope is limited to those versions and paragraphs; no full IFRS review, long-text reproduction or universal jurisdictional applicability is claimed.

    CH13_SRC_001

    MIT OCW Finance Theory I — Present Value Relations

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: MIT official Present Value Relations I/II/III page summaries on cash-flow sequences, certainty/timing, NPV, annuities/perpetuities, compounding and real/nominal values read. Foundation for cash-flow consistency, not a specialist EV/accounting/WACC source. Videos and lecture files were not downloaded.

    CH13_SRC_002

    MIT OCW Finance Theory I — Equities

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: The MIT equity-pricing/DDM page and its description of slides 10–23 on DDM, EPS, P/E and growth examples were checked. This supports learning context, not a claim to have read every detail of the undownloaded slides.

    CH13_SRC_003

    Aswath Damodaran, Valuation

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: NYU author notes on equity versus firm cash flow, FCFE/FCFF, WACC, matching conditions and example inputs were read. They support matching claims/rates, EV-to-equity and firm DCF. The 1995 company examples are historical teaching, not current market data.

    CH13_SRC_004

    Aswath Damodaran, An Introduction to Valuation

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Author notes on DCF, equity/firm scope, FCFE/FCFF, nonequity claims, discount rates and comparables read. They are not accounting standards or a guarantee that market comparables are fairly priced.

    CH13_SRC_005

    Aswath Damodaran, Terminal Value

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: Little Book of Valuation chapter on liquidation/going-concern terminal value, stable growth and sensitivity read. The textbook independently proves convergence for r>g; that condition does not validate business forecasts.

    CH13_SRC_006

    SEC Non-GAAP Financial Measures C&DIs, Question 102.07

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: SEC staff Question 102.07 and its reply were read. Common CFO-minus-CapEx FCF is nonstandard and needs explanation; it is not GAAP/IFRS FCFF/FCFE or cash after every compulsory use. The textbook distinguishes those claims.

    CH13_SRC_007

    Apple FY2024 Form 10-K, accession 0000320193-24-000123

    Chapters: 13

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: 2026-10-06: The author read Apple’s operating statement with fiscal end 2024-09-28, amounts in USD millions: operating income 123216, net income 93736, diluted EPS 6.08 and weighted diluted shares 15408095 thousand, plus period-end share/unit disclosures. No signal-date price, historical capitalization, all-share-class quotes, ADR mapping or quote ingestion was verified; no observed P/E is inferred.

    CH14_SRC_01_01

    Sharpe (1964), Capital Asset Prices — Wiley original page and DOI

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Sharpe (1964), Journal of Finance 19(3), pages 425–442: publisher page and selected argument passages were read on mean/SD preferences, cash borrowing/lending, common rates/expectations, local asset/efficient-portfolio relations, diversification/systematic risk and price equilibrium. Supports one-period CAPM motivation and assumptions, not empirical facts or trading instructions.

    CH14_SRC_02_01

    Markowitz (1952), Portfolio Selection metadata — Wiley publication metadata

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Markowitz (1952), Journal of Finance 7(1), pages 77–91: author, issue/pages/date/DOI metadata were checked, without reading full text page by page. Attribution does not claim formula transcription; CAPM algebra uses read Sharpe passages and independent derivation.

    CH14_SRC_03_01

    Princeton FIN501, Lecture 02 One-Period Pricing — Lecture 02 PDF

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Princeton FIN501 Lecture 02 slides 43–66 were read on no-arbitrage, positive state prices, SDF valuation, cash/SDF means and excess-return covariance. This supports the distinction from additional equilibrium CAPM restrictions, not a complete fundamental-theorem proof.

    CH14_SRC_04_01

    MIT 15.401, The CAPM and APT — official MIT PDF

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: MIT 15.401 Lectures 15–17 slides 3–10, 15–16 and 18–27 were read on covariance/diversification, tangency/market funds, SML/beta, regression, CAPM/APT assumptions and empirical issues. This is official teaching material; formulas use the textbook’s notation and units.

    CH14_SRC_05_01

    Roll (1977), asset-pricing testability metadata and abstract — DOI

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Roll (1977), JFE 4(2), pages 129–176: metadata and the first-page abstract of the UCLA scan were read. Mean–beta tests also concern efficiency of the selected market proxy; incomplete proxies limit joint tests. This is neither a full-text reading nor a claim that every empirical CAPM test is invalid.

    CH14_SRC_05_02

    Roll (1977), asset-pricing testability metadata and abstract — UCLA Anderson hosted original scan

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Roll (1977), JFE 4(2), pages 129–176: metadata and the first-page abstract of the UCLA scan were read. Mean–beta tests also concern efficiency of the selected market proxy; incomplete proxies limit joint tests. This is neither a full-text reading nor a claim that every empirical CAPM test is invalid.

    CH14_SRC_06_01

    Fama and French (2004), CAPM theory and evidence abstract — official AEA page and abstract

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Fama and French (2004), JEP 18(3), pages 25–46: AEA metadata and abstract only were read, supporting limitations of market proxies and the empirical record. No full review or repeated empirical survey is claimed.

    CH14_SRC_07_01

    statsmodels OLS and robust covariance documentation — OLS documentation

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: statsmodels 0.15.0 OLS and robust-covariance documentation was checked for inputs, intercepts and HAC options. The monthly example uses an intercept, Bartlett kernel, fixed five-observation lag and software correction. API facts do not establish bandwidth suitability, weak dependence, CAPM or strategy validity.

    CH14_SRC_07_02

    statsmodels OLS and robust covariance documentation — robust covariance results documentation

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: statsmodels 0.15.0 OLS and robust-covariance documentation was checked for inputs, intercepts and HAC options. The monthly example uses an intercept, Bartlett kernel, fixed five-observation lag and software correction. API facts do not establish bandwidth suitability, weak dependence, CAPM or strategy validity.

    CH14_SRC_08_01

    French industry and market factor methods — 10 Industry Portfolios

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: French 10 Industry Portfolios and factor descriptions were read. NoDur is a published value-weighted industry total return, not a single security. Mkt-RF already subtracts the monthly Treasury-bill proxy; matching RF does not promise that a retail trader earns it without costs.

    CH14_SRC_08_02

    French industry and market factor methods — Fama/French Factors

    Chapters: 14

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: French 10 Industry Portfolios and factor descriptions were read. NoDur is a published value-weighted industry total return, not a single security. Mkt-RF already subtracts the monthly Treasury-bill proxy; matching RF does not promise that a retail trader earns it without costs.

    CH15_FF1993_TEXT

    Fama and French (1993), original journal PDF teaching mirror

    Chapters: 15

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The introduction and part of section 2.1.2 were read, without full-text or visual equation checking. The 1993 stock/bond factors differ from the 2015 equity five-factor model.

    CH15_FF2015_TEXT

    Fama and French (2015), original journal PDF teaching mirror

    Chapters: 15

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The introduction and selected text in section 7 were read. HML redundancy is limited to the paper’s sample; no full-text or equation-by-equation reading is claimed.

    CH15_FF3_METHOD

    French three-factor construction

    Chapters: 15

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Size/value construction and market/RF definitions checked. Snapshot identity separately verified; no stock-level portfolio replication.

    CH15_HAC_API

    statsmodels RegressionResults robust covariance API

    Chapters: 15

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: HAC maxlags, Bartlett, use_correction and use_t read; software settings do not prove statistical assumptions.

    CH16_ARIMA

    statsmodels ARIMA

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read official version 0.15 parameters within the unbundled record’s scope. No claim is made that financial series satisfy the assumptions.

    CH16_FORECAST

    statsmodels ARIMAResults.get_forecast

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read official version 0.15 parameters within the unbundled record’s scope. No claim is made that financial series satisfy the assumptions.

    CH16_ACF

    statsmodels acf

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read official version 0.15 parameters within the unbundled record’s scope. No claim is made that financial series satisfy the assumptions.

    CH16_PACF

    statsmodels pacf

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read official version 0.15 parameters within the unbundled record’s scope. No claim is made that financial series satisfy the assumptions.

    CH16_LB_API

    statsmodels acorr_ljungbox

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read official version 0.15 parameters within the unbundled record’s scope. No claim is made that financial series satisfy the assumptions.

    CH16_ARMA_PROCESS

    statsmodels ArmaProcess

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read official version 0.15 parameters within the unbundled record’s scope. No claim is made that financial series satisfy the assumptions.

    CH16_MIT_TS1

    MIT OCW 18.S096 Lecture 8 Time Series Analysis 1

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read pages 3–5, 10, 17–20 and 25 for coverage and definitions. OCR misalignment occurred; formulas were independently derived rather than transcribed.

    CH16_LB1978

    Ljung and Box 1978 On a measure of lack of fit in time series models

    Chapters: 16

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author/title/journal/issue/pages/DOI metadata only. Full-text access failed; formulas use readable official implementation documents, without a full-text-read claim.

    CH17_DF1979

    Dickey and Fuller (1979): Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author extracted printed pages 427–431 on nonstandard unit-root distributions and deterministic terms. The root checked the internal log rather than rereading the whole source.

    CH17_EG1987

    Engle and Granger (1987): Co-Integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author visually read scan pages 251–255 and 260–269. The root checked chapter use without claiming full-text or OCR verification.

    CH17_GRANGER1969

    Granger (1969): Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read sections 4–5, printed pages 428–432, on predictive information sets and direction; this is not structural intervention causality.

    CH17_MACKINNON2010

    MacKinnon (2010): Critical Values for Cointegration Tests

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read printed pages 1–15 and the 2010 appendix on deterministic terms, variable counts and sample-specific distributions. Software was checked separately.

    CH17_BH1995

    Benjamini and Hochberg (1995): Controlling the False Discovery Rate

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Publisher metadata/abstract only on independent-test FDR. Full text/proof details not read.

    CH17_BY2001

    Benjamini and Yekutieli (2001): The Control of the False Discovery Rate in Multiple Testing under Dependency

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Project Euclid page/abstract and PRDS scope only. Anti-bot blocking prevented full text; no assertion that this pair family satisfies PRDS.

    CH17_SAID1984

    Said and Dickey (1984): Testing for unit roots in autoregressive-moving average models of unknown order

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Metadata/abstract only; full text unavailable. Advanced reading, not support for chapter derivations.

    CH17_ADF

    statsmodels adfuller

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the version 0.15 parameters, null hypotheses, test direction and return values. Core and boundary checks were run separately; documentation does not prove financial assumptions.

    CH17_COINT

    statsmodels coint

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the version 0.15 parameters, null hypotheses, test direction and return values. Core and boundary checks were run separately; documentation does not prove financial assumptions.

    CH17_GRANGER_API

    statsmodels grangercausalitytests

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the version 0.15 parameters, null hypotheses, test direction and return values. Core and boundary checks were run separately; documentation does not prove financial assumptions.

    CH17_VAR

    statsmodels Vector Autoregressions

    Chapters: 17

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: VAR estimation and forecast API read; stationarity applicability requires separate judgment.

    CH18_BOLLERSLEV1986

    Bollerslev (1986), Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read PDF pages 3–6, printed pages 309–312, sections 2–3, visually and textually, covering finite second moments and Gaussian fourth moments. The whole paper was not read. The root checked the logged scope.

    CH18_ANDERSEN2003

    Andersen, Bollerslev, Diebold and Labys (2003), Modeling and forecasting realized volatility

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the introduction and opening of section 2, physical pages 1–8, on RV/QV limits under process and sampling assumptions. These do not establish finite-grid equality with conditional variance. The root checked the log.

    CH18_HANSEN_LUNDE2006

    Hansen and Lunde (2006), Realized variance and market microstructure noise

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read passages from the introduction, theory, empirical analysis and conclusion. Sampling-frequency conclusions apply to that DJIA and noise design; they are not a universal optimum. The root checked the logged scope.

    CH18_PATTON2011

    Patton (2011), Volatility forecast comparison using imperfect volatility proxies

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the propositions in section 2 and the conclusion. Robust QLIKE ranking requires conditional proxy unbiasedness and regularity, neither established for the textbook NoDur example. The root checked the log.

    CH18_ENGLE1982

    Engle (1982), Autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom inflation

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author-official bibliography only; full text blocked. No full-text/theorem-proof reading claim; root checked the logged scope.

    CH18_BOUGEROL_PICARD1992

    Bougerol and Picard (1992), Stationarity of GARCH processes and of some nonnegative time series

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Publisher abstract only; full text not obtained. The scalar recursion condition is not cited as a verified in-page theorem; root checked the log.

    CH18_SCIPY_SLSQP

    SciPy SLSQP constrained minimization documentation

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author read official stopping/constraint API details. Successful optimization does not prove global optimality; root checked the logged scope.

    CH18_ARCH_FORECAST

    arch forecasting documentation

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author read definitions and one/multistep variance alignment, without installing or calling the arch estimator. Root checked the log.

    CH18_ARCH_EWMA

    arch EWMAVariance documentation

    Chapters: 18

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author read EWMA definition/alignment without installing or calling arch. Root checked the log.

    CH19_KALMAN1960

    Kalman (1960), A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems

    Chapters: 19

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author extracted a 12-page transcription mirror, focusing on the abstract and introduction, Problem I equations 16–17, Theorem 3 and equations 21–32, and the appendix. The first 11 pages correspond to printed pages 35–45; OCR of the last page was limited. The original journal equations were not visually proofread one by one. Additive observation noise and Joseph form were independently derived from conditional Gaussian algebra rather than attributed to that paper. The root checked the author log.

    CH19_STATSMODELS

    statsmodels Time Series Analysis by State Space Methods

    Chapters: 19

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the version 0.15.0 overview, names and dimensions, AR2, and the low-level Filter and Smoother objects. Extraction did not fully preserve MathJax or every API. Chapter h/F/R correspond to official Z/T/H; state noise corresponds to official RQRᵀ. The root checked the scope log.

    CH20_MARKOWITZ1952

    Markowitz (1952), Portfolio Selection

    Chapters: 20

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read the motivation on printed pages 77–80. An independently delegated reviewer read the E–V criterion and weighted variance. The textbook supplies its own n-asset closed-form derivation.

    CH20_MOSEK_COOKBOOK

    MOSEK Portfolio Optimization Cookbook — Markowitz portfolio optimization

    Chapters: 20,21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author and an independent reviewer read sections 2.1–2.3; section 2.4 was not run.

    SHARPE1994

    Sharpe (1994), The Sharpe Ratio

    Chapters: 20,21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author, independent reviewer and root delegate read definitions, differential returns and Time Dependence. Square-root annualization remains conditional.

    CH21_LEDOITWOLF2004

    Ledoit and Wolf (2004), A well-conditioned estimator for large-dimensional covariance matrices

    Chapters: 21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read sections 2.1, 3 and 4.1 of the 2001 working draft, rather than every appendix line or the final journal article. The root checked the log and corrected finite-sample centering bias and conditional positive definiteness. A historical independent review separately read the stated working-draft and scan passages.

    CH21_MRT2009

    Maillard, Roncalli and Teiletche, On the properties of equally-weighted risk contributions portfolios

    Chapters: 21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read sections 1–3.4 of the 2009 working draft, rather than the 2010 journal text word for word. The Newton implementation is independently derived; a historical independent review also read the stated passages.

    CH21_HELITTERMAN1999

    He and Litterman (1999), The Intuition Behind Black-Litterman Model Portfolios

    Chapters: 21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author read Appendix B, error assumptions and view calibration. The root opened the manuscript to check the excess-return convention and invertibility in the gain update. This was not a full reading of Black–Litterman (1992); a historical independent review also covered the stated scope.

    CH21_KELLY1956

    Kelly (1956), A New Interpretation of Information Rate

    Chapters: 21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The author visually read printed pages 919–920. General odds and the quadratic proxy were derived in the chapter. The root corrected the omitted squared mean and the bankruptcy boundary for Gaussian simple returns. A historical independent review separately read those passages.

    CH21_DGU2009

    DeMiguel, Garlappi and Uppal (2009), Optimal versus naive diversification: How inefficient is the 1/N portfolio strategy?

    Chapters: 21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: The June 2006 conference draft was read. The root checked section 3, printed pages 10–12, equations 10–13, on rolling OOS and drift turnover. The 2009 final journal article was not read; Project 3 numbers are not a paper replication.

    LESNIEWSKI2019

    Lesniewski, Optimization Techniques in Finance — Convex optimization II

    Chapters: 21

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author used Tavily Extract on the Maximizing the Sharpe ratio excerpt, not a full page-by-page read.

    CH22_HLZ2014

    Harvey, Liu and Zhu, ... and the Cross-Section of Expected Returns, NBER Working Paper 20592 (2014)

    Chapters: 22

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records selected abstract, introduction, FWER/FDR, Bonferroni/Holm material and conclusion passage. RFS 2016 final version, later revisions/comments, §5 onward, tables and appendix were not read. This draft transcribes the log only.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH22_GELMANLOKEN2013

    Gelman and Loken, The garden of forking paths, unpublished draft (2013)

    Chapters: 22

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records abstract, §1.1, opening of §1.2, and two paragraphs in §4.3. The American Scientist abridged version and remaining case-analysis sections were not read.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH23_JT1993

    Jegadeesh and Titman, Returns to Buying Winners and Selling Losers (1993), course-hosted JSTOR copy

    Chapters: 22,23,25

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Local chapter logs record only selected material: Ch22 printed pp.68-69 on Bonferroni; Ch23 formation/holding construction and cited passages; Ch25 §I and opening §II on J/K strategies and overlapping holdings. Remaining sections, tables and appendices were not read. Course-hosted copy; book results are not a replication of the paper's US stock sample.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH23_PETERSEN2005

    Petersen, Estimating Standard Errors in Finance Panel Data Sets, NBER Working Paper 11280 (2005/2006)

    Chapters: 23

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records abstract/introduction and opening of Section II, printed pp.11-12, equations (8)-(9). RFS 2009 final, simulation tables, cluster derivation and application were not read. Formula text extraction was imperfect; chapter also uses its own derivation.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH24_FF_FACTORS_PAGE

    Description of Fama/French Factors

    Chapters: 24

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records the Construction and Stocks passages. Detailed portfolio breakpoint page was not obtained. Frozen aggregate returns are revised history, not individual-stock PIT vintages.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH24_AMP2013

    Asness, Moskowitz and Pedersen, Value and Momentum Everywhere (2013), author-hosted copy

    Chapters: 24,25

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Chapter logs record selected value and momentum measurement passages and a futures-return construction section. Regressions, tables and remaining sections were not read. Use global AQR_VM key where appropriate; this local copy records the specific text actually read.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH24_SEC_FSDS

    SEC Financial Statement Data Sets page

    Chapters: 24

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records the page scope and dataset coverage. The chapter did not download SEC data or read complete EDGAR filings or taxonomy. Page copy was not preserved locally; current-page content is not independently confirmed by this draft.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH24_SEC_FSDS_README

    SEC Financial Statement Data Sets readme

    Chapters: 24

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records the sub-table fields period, fye, fp, filed, accepted and prevrpt, plus as-filed and data-quality caveats. No underlying filing or taxonomy review is claimed.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH24_SEC_EDGAR_ACCESS

    SEC Accessing EDGAR Data

    Chapters: 24

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records fair-access guidance and the then-current request-rate/User-Agent instructions. The page copy was not preserved locally; this draft does not refresh current terms.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH24_SEC_PRIVACY

    SEC Privacy and Website Policies

    Chapters: 24

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records the public-information/copying statement. The page copy was not preserved locally; this draft does not refresh current policy text.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH25_MOP2012

    Moskowitz, Ooi and Pedersen, Time Series Momentum (2012)

    Chapters: 25

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records abstract, ex ante volatility estimate and selected Section 4 material including equation (5). Remaining robustness tables and trader-behavior analysis were not read. Course volatility estimate is a teaching substitute, not the paper estimator.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH25_DM2014

    Daniel and Moskowitz, Momentum Crashes, NBER Working Paper 20439 (2014)

    Chapters: 25

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records abstract, selected printed p.8 passage and Table 3 note. JFE 2016 final version, theory, dynamic strategy, international and other-asset results were not read. Course industry results are not a replication of the paper's winner-minus-loser stock portfolio.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH25_FRENCH_MOM_PAGE

    Detail for Monthly Momentum Factor (Mom)

    Chapters: 25

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records Construction and Stocks passages. The chapter did not download the Mom factor data.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH26_NOVYMARX2012

    Novy-Marx, The Other Side of Value: The Gross Profitability Premium, author manuscript (June 2012)

    Chapters: 26

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records abstract, introduction, data description, footnote 2, DuPont discussion and selected accrual discussion. JFE 2013 version, regression tables and appendix were not read; constructed panel results are not paper evidence.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH27_KMPV2013

    Koijen, Moskowitz, Pedersen and Vrugt, Carry, NBER Working Paper 19325 (2013)

    Chapters: 27

    Historical check date: 2026-10-06

    Historical scope: Author log records selected equations/passages for futures, FX, commodity, bond carry and portfolio carry. Journal version, empirical sections, tables and appendices were not read; no paper empirical result is used.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    AT2002-v5

    Acerbi and Tasche, On the Coherence of Expected Shortfall, arXiv version 5 (2002)

    Chapters: 33

    Historical check date: 2026-10-07

    Historical scope: The author log covers printed pages 5–9, Definition 2.6, Proposition 3.2 and equation 3.3, Proposition 4.1 and nearby discussion only, rather than the whole paper or final journal version. Chapter formulas use loss-positive signs. A historical Codex root delegate reread the logged local scope, not the full source.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    KUPIEC1995-FEDS95-24

    Kupiec, Techniques for Verifying the Accuracy of Risk Measurement Models, FEDS 95-24

    Chapters: 33

    Historical check date: 2026-10-07

    Historical scope: The author log covers printed pages 6–8, 18–19 and 23–24 of a preliminary FEDS paper, not a journal article; the cover and interior dates differ. Asymptotic nonrejection is not proof of accuracy. A historical root delegate reread the local scope, not the full source.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SCIPY-T

    SciPy 1.18.0 scipy.stats.t documentation

    Chapters: 33

    Historical check date: 2026-10-07

    Historical scope: The author log covers the distribution API, df, standardized density, loc/scale and selected methods. This supports API semantics rather than the ES derivation; Student-t scale differs from standard deviation. A historical root delegate reread the stated local scope.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    MSTR_SEC_LIMIT_ORDERS

    U.S. SEC Investor.gov: Limit Orders

    Chapters: 34

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: Limit-buy and limit-sell price boundaries and the explanation that fills are not guaranteed were read. No reliable publication date was shown; accessed 2026-10-09. This supports basic order properties, not venue rules or broker terms.

    MSTR_NYSE_EQUITIES

    NYSE: Equities

    Chapters: 34

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: The overview of NYSE group equity venues and market models was read; accessed 2026-10-09. It supports differences among venues, not every priority rule.

    MSTR_NASDAQ_EQ4_4757

    Nasdaq Equity 4 Rulebook, Rule 4757

    Chapters: 34

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: Rule 4757 on price, display and time priority for specified order classes was read; accessed 2026-10-09. Market, security, version and effective date require trade-specific confirmation.

    MSTR_NASDAQ_ITCH_50

    Nasdaq TotalView-ITCH 5.0 Technical Specification

    Chapters: 34

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: Selected contents and revision passages on add, execute, cancel and delete messages were extracted. No actual feed was obtained or parsed, and field semantics were not checked completely; accessed 2026-10-09.

    MSTR_GLOSTEN_MILGROM_1985

    Glosten and Milgrom (1985), Bid, ask and transaction prices in a specialist market with heterogeneously informed traders

    Chapters: 34

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: Publisher metadata and the abstract were checked for title, authors, journal, issue, pages and DOI. Full text was neither obtained nor read; only the abstract-level heterogeneous-information mechanism is used.

    MSTR_SEC_EXECUTING_ORDER

    U.S. SEC Investor.gov: Executing an Order

    Chapters: 34

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: The routing overview covering exchanges, other venues, market makers and ECNs was extracted; accessed 2026-10-09. It is not evidence of a particular order route or best execution.

    ALMGREN_CHRISS_2000

    Optimal execution of portfolio transactions

    Chapters: 35–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: Tavily Extract was used on publisher metadata, DOI and abstract. An accessible paper copy was checked for the linear-impact and risk-model sections. Citation is limited to assumptions and the teaching derivation, not market-calibrated coefficients.

    BUSSETI_BOYD_VWAP

    Volume Weighted Average Price Optimal Execution

    Chapters: 36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: Tavily Extract was used on the author page and paper. Static pre-open scheduling was distinguished from intraday information dynamics and uncertain total market volume. Original cost and NYSE evidence is not this batch’s constructed result.

    SEC_IS_2003

    Request for Comments on Measures To Improve Disclosure of Mutual Fund Transaction Costs

    Chapters: 35–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: Tavily Extract was used on official consultation material about implementation difference, paper portfolios, unfilled opportunity cost and the absence of one universal convention. This is not current legal advice or a mandatory computation standard.

    CESARI_MARZO_ZAGAGLIA_2012

    Effective Trade Execution

    Chapters: 35–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: Tavily Search and Extract were used on arXiv text and metadata for terminology and background. This working paper alone does not establish a universal industry implementation.

    HUBERMAN_STANZL_2004

    Price Manipulation and Quasi-Arbitrage

    Chapters: 35–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: Tavily Search plus Wiley publisher page and Columbia author-hosted PDF. Checked title/metadata, abstract, introduction, time-independent price-update discussion, and conclusion; not a full-page review. Used only for the theorem scope and its distinction between permanent update and temporary impact.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    PEROLD_1988

    The Implementation Shortfall: Paper vs. Reality

    Chapters: 35–36

    Historical check date: 2026-10-09

    Historical scope: 2026-10-09: HBS author and JPM records were checked for title, authors, Journal of Portfolio Management 14(3), pages 4–9, Spring 1988. Metadata only; full text was not read. Perold is not called the concept’s inventor: SEC (2003) points to Treynor (1981).

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH37_GKX2020

    Empirical Asset Pricing via Machine Learning (Gu, Kelly, Xiu 2020, RFS 33(5) 2223-2273)

    Chapters: 37,39

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The author read section 1.8, equation 19, page 2249, on zero-baseline OOS R²; Table 1, page 2250 (OLS −3.46%, OLS-3 0.16%, ENet+H 0.11%); section 2.2 (NN3 0.40%); and the introduction (long/short Sharpe 1.35/2.45). These are monthly US stocks before costs, not comparable to these constructions.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH37_CT2008

    Predicting Excess Stock Returns Out of Sample: Can Anything Beat the Historical Average? (Campbell, Thompson 2008, RFS 21(4) 1509-1531)

    Chapters: 37

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The author read working-paper equation 1, page 5: the OOS R² baseline is the historical mean through t−1. Journal pagination was not checked.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH37_AHM2019

    A Backtesting Protocol in the Era of Machine Learning (Arnott, Harvey, Markowitz 2019, JFDS 1(1) 64-74)

    Chapters: 37

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The AMC scouting report recorded a full-text reading including the introduction and costs; the author did not reread it. Further reading only; no specific conclusion is imported into the chapter.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH38_CT2010

    On Over-fitting in Model Selection and Subsequent Selection Bias in Performance Evaluation (Cawley, Talbot 2010, JMLR 11 2079-2107)

    Chapters: 38

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The AMC scout read the abstract and sections 5 and 9; the author did not reread them. This supports separating tuning from evaluation.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH38_PRADO2018

    Advances in Financial Machine Learning (López de Prado 2018, Wiley), Chapter 7

    Chapters: 38

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout read publisher contents only, Chapter 7 and sections 7.1–7.5. No body text was read; further reading only.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SK_PIPE_DOC

    scikit-learn: Pipelines and composite estimators (1.9.1)

    Chapters: 38

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout read section 6.1.1 and the Pipeline docstring. A separate historical test_ml_pipeline.py check verified train-only scaling behavior.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SK_GRID_DOC

    scikit-learn: Tuning the hyper-parameters of an estimator (1.9.1)

    Chapters: 38

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout read section 3.2. This course pipeline does not use GridSearchCV.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SK_CALIBRATION

    scikit-learn: Probability calibration (1.9.1)

    Chapters: 38

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout read sections 1.16–1.16.2, which support classification reliability diagrams only. Regression calibration slope is the course’s definition.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    ESL_2ND_ED

    The Elements of Statistical Learning, 2nd ed. (Hastie, Tibshirani, Friedman 2009), §3.4

    Chapters: 39

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout read section 3.4, equations 3.41, 3.44 and 3.47, Table 3.4 and Figure 3.11. The author did not reread because the download required browser interaction. Chapter 39 derivations are self-contained and code-checked.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH39_FHT2010

    Regularization Paths for Generalized Linear Models via Coordinate Descent (Friedman, Hastie, Tibshirani 2010, JSS 33(1) 1-22)

    Chapters: 39

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout read the abstract and sections 1–2; the author did not reread. This supports definitions of regularization paths and warm starts.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_BREIMAN2001

    Random Forests (Breiman 2001, Machine Learning 45, 5-32)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The AMC scout (R) read Theorems 1.2, 2.3 and 11.2; the author did not reread. Used only for further reading and strength/correlation language.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_FRIEDMAN2001

    Greedy Function Approximation: A Gradient Boosting Machine (Friedman 2001, Annals of Statistics 29(5), 1189-1232)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout (R) read section 3, Algorithm 1 and section 5 on shrinkage; the author did not reread. The chapter derivation is independent.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_STROBL2007

    Bias in random forest variable importance measures (Strobl et al. 2007, BMC Bioinformatics 8:25)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout report (R); the author did not read the full text.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_STROBL2008

    Conditional variable importance for random forests (Strobl et al. 2008, BMC Bioinformatics 9:307)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout report (R); the author did not read the full text. Only the proposed conditional-importance response to extrapolation with correlated features is cited.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_LL2017

    A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions (Lundberg & Lee 2017, NeurIPS)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout report (R) on Shapley properties. The chapter derivation is independent.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_LUNDBERG2020

    From local explanations to global understanding with explainable AI for trees (Lundberg et al. 2020, Nature Machine Intelligence 2, 56-67)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout report (R); shap was not installed and TreeSHAP was not run.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH40_AJL2021

    Explaining individual predictions when features are dependent (Aas, Jullum, Løland 2021, Artificial Intelligence 298, 103502)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout report (R) on conditional versus interventional Shapley choices.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SK_TREE_SRC

    scikit-learn 1.9.1 source: tree/_classes.py, ensemble/_forest.py, ensemble/_hist_gradient_boosting (gradient_boosting.py, splitting.pyx, grower.py)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The author read local .venv sources: HGB early_stopping=auto and train_test_split in gradient_boosting.py lines 533–581, compute_node_value, shrinkage, the MDI warning, and the RF max_features default of 1.0.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SK_PERMIMP_DOC

    scikit-learn: Permutation feature importance (1.9.1)

    Chapters: 40

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout (R) read section 5.2; the author checked the local MDI docstring warning.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH41_JC2016

    Principal component analysis: a review and recent developments (Jolliffe & Cadima 2016, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 374, 20150202)

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout (R) read section 2(c); the author did not reread.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH41_LCBP1999

    Noise dressing of financial correlation matrices (Laloux, Cizeau, Bouchaud, Potters 1999, PRL 83, 1467-1470)

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The author checked arXiv v1 equation 3 bounds, Q=T/N≥1, and S&P 500 N=406/T=1309. The discrepancy between 25× in the text and 30× in the caption for the largest eigenvalue was retained.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH41_HAMILTON1989

    A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle (Hamilton 1989, Econometrica 57(2), 357-384)

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The scout (R) read sections 3–4; the author did not read the full text. The filtering recursion was independently derived and tested.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH41_AT2012

    Regime Changes and Financial Markets (Ang & Timmermann 2012, Annual Review of Financial Economics 4, 313-337)

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout (R), further reading only.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH41_CK1986

    Performance measurement with the arbitrage pricing theory: A new framework for analysis (Connor & Korajczyk 1986, JFE 15(3), 373-394)

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Abstract-level scout, further reading only.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH41_VL2010

    Clustering stability: an overview (von Luxburg 2010, Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning 2(3), 235-274)

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: Scout report (R); the author did not read the full text.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SK_KMEANS_DOC

    scikit-learn 1.9.1: KMeans and adjusted_rand_score

    Chapters: 41

    Historical check date: 2026-10-10

    Historical scope: 2026-10-10: The author checked local docstrings; also scout report (R).

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH42_DLBOOK

    Goodfellow, Bengio & Courville: Deep Learning (2016)

    Chapters: 42

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: The root read selected sections of Chapters 6, 8, 9 and 10 in the source ledger, rather than the whole book.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH42_GERS2000

    Gers, Schmidhuber & Cummins: Learning to Forget: Continual Prediction with LSTM (2000)

    Chapters: 42

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: Title, authors and abstract were visually checked. Type 3 extraction was garbled and no full reading of equation text was recorded.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH42_PYTORCH_LSTM

    PyTorch 2.14: torch.nn.LSTM

    Chapters: 42

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: Six modern gate/state formulas checked; PyTorch neither installed nor run.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH42_VASWANI2017

    Vaswani et al.: Attention Is All You Need (2017, arXiv v7)

    Chapters: 42

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: The root checked equation 1, the decoder mask and positional encoding. This does not establish absence of leakage across an entire research pipeline.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    BDA3

    Gelman et al.: Bayesian Data Analysis, 3rd edition (2013; corrected PDF 2025-02-20)

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: The root read printed pages 34–35, 39–42 and 115–116 only; the example uses known hyperparameters.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    STAN_UG

    Stan User’s Guide 2.40: hierarchical regression and posterior prediction

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: Root checked the current title and posterior-predictive integral; Stan was not run.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    HERNAN_ROBINS_2020

    Hernán & Robins: Causal Inference: What If (2020; author update 2026-08-19)

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: The root read selected passages on standardization, identification, positivity, consistency, colliders and the backdoor criterion, rather than the full text.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH43_SK_TEXT

    scikit-learn: Text feature extraction

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: Scout and local comparison of smoothed IDF and L2; the course tokenizer differs from defaults.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    LLM_LOOKAHEAD_GLASSERMAN_LIN

    Glasserman & Lin: Assessing Look-Ahead Bias in Stock Return Predictions Generated By GPT Sentiment Analysis (2023)

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: The root checked abstract and metadata only, without full-text reading or experiment replication.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    OPENAI_HALLUCINATION_2025

    OpenAI: Why language models hallucinate (2025-09-05)

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: Root read official research explanation; the prompt-hash ledger is a chapter design and no model was called.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    SEC_EDGAR_API

    U.S. SEC: EDGAR Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), 2024-06-06; updated2025-04-08

    Chapters: 43

    Historical check date: 2026-10-11

    Historical scope: 2026-10-11: The root read generic submissions/XBRL interfaces, processing delays and access-policy links. No individual filing or call text, rights, time zone or actual availability was verified; this is not real-text PIT evidence.

    Record access: Internal reading records are not bundled with this reader.

    CH44_BS1973

    Black & Scholes (1973), The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: University-hosted original scan, selected assumptions and replication passages only. Exact scope is in internal records that are not bundled.

    CH44_MERTON1973

    Merton (1973), Theory of Rational Option Pricing

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: University-hosted original, section 7, printed pages 170–171, equations 42–44 and footnote 62. HTTP access limits and reading scope are in unbundled internal records.

    CH44_MIT_ITO

    MIT6.265/15.070J Fall2013 Lecture14–17,19

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Official public university notes. Exact read scope and general-proof limits are in unbundled records.

    CH44_CMU_RNM

    CMU2016-17 Risk Neutral Measures Chapter4

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Public university notes, Theorem 1.6 and Remark 1.9 for notation and Novikov. Exact scope is in unbundled records.

    CH44_HIGHAM2001

    Higham (2001), An Algorithmic Introduction to Numerical Simulation of Stochastic Differential Equations

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: University-hosted original, sections 3–5 read. The original L1 strong-error experiment differs from this chapter’s L2 RMSE. Internal records are not bundled.

    CH44_NUMPY_NORMAL

    NumPy v2.5 Generator.normal

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Official loc/scale/size documentation; local version 2.5.3. This is not used as financial-theory evidence; the internal record is not bundled.

    CH44_SCIPY_NORM

    SciPy norm stable documentation (linked v1.18.0 source)

    Chapters: 44

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Official CDF/PDF API; local version 1.18.1. This is not evidence for BS theory or MC coverage; the internal record is not bundled.

    CH45_PYPA_PACKAGING

    Python Packaging Authority. Packaging Python Projects.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PY_LOGGING

    Python Software Foundation. Logging HOWTO (Python 3 Documentation).

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PARQUET_OVERVIEW

    Apache Software Foundation. Apache Parquet Documentation: Overview.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_DOCKERFILE

    Docker Inc. Dockerfile reference and concepts.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_DUCKDB_PARQUET

    DuckDB Foundation. DuckDB Parquet Overview and Partial Reading.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PY314_SQLITE

    Python Software Foundation. sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases (Python 3.14 Documentation).

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PY314_OS_REPLACE

    Python Software Foundation. os.replace (Python 3.14 Documentation).

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_12FACTOR_CONFIG

    Adam Wiggins. The Twelve-Factor App: III. Config.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PYTEST_DOCS

    Holger Krekel et al. pytest: Simple powerful testing with Python.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_SQLITE_TRANSACTIONS

    D. Richard Hipp et al. SQLite Language: Transaction Control.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_AIRFLOW_DAGRUN

    Apache Software Foundation. Apache Airflow: DAG Runs.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PROMETHEUS_METRICS

    Prometheus Authors. Prometheus Metric Types.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_MLFLOW_TRACKING

    MLflow Documentation. Tracking APIs.

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_SEC_KNIGHT_CAPITAL

    U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In the Matter of Knight Capital Americas LLC (Release No. 34-70694).

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: The root read bounded passages only. Scope and failures are in unbundled internal records, rather than a complete-page or runtime verification.

    CH45_PYPA_SRC_LAYOUT

    Discussions: src-layout vs flat-layout

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: Bounded PyPA src-layout discussion: separate project files from importable source packages and make test paths explicit. Inherit accepted chapter reading; the metadata integration did not reread the page or run packaging tools.

    CH45_PY314_LOGGING_COOKBOOK

    Logging Cookbook (Python 3.14 Documentation)

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: Bounded “Logging to a single file from multiple processes” discussion: a normal FileHandler does not serialize a multi-process shared file. The teaching case is single-process with separate run logs, not a distributed logging platform. No page reread or tool execution in the metadata integration.

    CH45_DOCKER_SECRETS

    Docker Build Secrets

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: Build secrets opening and Secret mounts only. ARG/ENV can enter images and should not carry build secrets; temporary mounts have separate lifetimes. The chapter configured no secret and distinguishes build/runtime credentials. No Docker execution or webpage reread in the integration.

    CH45_PY314_SCHED

    sched — Event scheduler (Python 3.14 Documentation)

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: Python sched description only: an in-process scheduler runs its queue when run is called. It supplies no system service, persistent jobs, trading calendar, retries or idempotency. No jobs registered, no tool run or page reread in the integration.

    CH45_PY314_URLLIB

    urllib.request — Extensible library for opening URLs (Python 3.14 Documentation)

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: urllib.request overview only: HTTP is external I/O; a working URL/response is not a data contract, license or historical PIT. The trading example sends no API requests. Metadata integration did not reread or execute tools.

    CH45_GOOGLE_ML_RULES

    Rules of Machine Learning: Best Practices for ML Engineering

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: Monitoring Rules 8/9 and Training-Serving Skew Rules 29/31/32/37: freshness, inference-feature logging, shared transformations and table-version checks. General ML practice, not financial-alpha evidence or automatic-retraining authorization. No new page reading during integration.

    CH45_R2_KS

    ks_2samp

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: ks_2samp statistic and Notes only: maximum two-sided ECDF difference and independent continuous-sample assumptions. Hand-calculate D; do not report classical p-values for four discrete or autocorrelated rows. Web version 1.18.0 does not verify the installed version; no SciPy run or page reread during integration.

    CH45_R2_PSI

    risk.validation.populationStabilityIndex

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: MathWorks More About formula and Frequency input only, page version R2026b. MATLAB was not run; empirical thresholds are not universal. No new page reading during metadata integration.

    CH45_R2_PH

    PageHinkley

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: River PageHinkley definition, parameters and update only; River was not run. Fixed-baseline one-sided teaching rules differ from running-mean, forgetting and two-sided updates. Page (1954) was not personally read. No page reread during metadata integration.

    CH45_R2_SRC

    src layout vs flat layout

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: Bounded layout/install relationship, package discovery and explicit source-CLI paths. No wheel build or new installation; integration aligned keys and metadata without tool runs or webpage rereading.

    CH45_R2_PEP517

    PEP 517

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: PEP 517 Abstract, Source trees and backend hooks only. Directory conventions are not a PEP-mandated layout. No page reread or package build during integration.

    CH45_R2_PEP518

    PEP 518

    Chapters: 45

    Historical check date: 2026-10-12

    Historical scope: Inherit the accepted chapter’s bounded root-reading scope. The recorded integration only aligned keys/metadata; it did not reread the webpage or run the tool.

    Additional scope: PEP 518 Abstract and build-system declaration only. No package build, installation or webpage reread during integration.

    PSR

    The Sharpe Ratio Efficient Frontier — no independently verified public URL

    Authors: David H. Bailey and Marcos López de Prado

    Year: 2012

    Chapters: 32

    Historical check date: None

    Historical scope: Inherit bounded historical reading of a local July 2012 author manuscript. That integration did not reread its PDF or independently establish a public URL. No DOI or URL is invented and the full text is not distributed.

    Additional scope: Local July 2012 author manuscript; historical scope sections 2.4–4. Later checks were bounded to its version label, equation 11 and observation-frequency note. No page-by-page reread or independent comparison with the final journal version; no verified public URL and no full-text distribution.

    Metadata limit: Journal volume, issue and pages retain the current Chapter 32 citation; the journal-version metadata have not been independently matched.

    KENNETH_FRENCH

    Detail for 10 Industry Portfolios

    Chapters: 32

    Historical check date: 2026-10-05

    Historical scope: The original root mapped the Chapter 32 ten-industry source note to an existing FRENCH_10 alias. Inherit its reading scope without a new download or inferred data rights.

    Additional scope: Inherit FRENCH_10 scope: construction page read, ZIP downloaded, Keka validation and extraction, and the 1,202-month value-weighted block parsed and hashed. This alias maps Chapter 32 only; no new download or inference of redistribution rights.

    Search the course

    Enter a search term.